Claudius I think Saliba, Odegaard, Rice and Saka. Raya could grow into that group too - a top goalkeeper is a bit under-rated when discussing the core of a team but he'll be very important.
As to who I'd like to be here in 5 years - I'd add Big Gabi as a defensive partnership is hugely important. It's a bit too early to comment on the left backs.
Now just need a top, top striker. No idea who, but one would be nice. Leaves a few positions open to churn over the next five years.
As to Arteta, I'm not sure if he will be here in 5 years, and I'm not sure it's as important. I would just hope that whoever picks the next manager is skillful and lucky.